Water-tube boiler



Aug. 25, 1925. l 1,550,942

H. C). BAKER ET AL WATER TUBE BOILER Filed NOV. 14. 1919 4 Sheets-*Sheet i, Z lgmwp i l J0 22 il@ N4 2 mg. 25, m25. i,550,942

H. O. BAKER ET AL l WATER TUBE' BOILER Filed Nov. 14. 191s 4 sheets-shea 2 Aug. 25, 1925.v 1,550,942 H. o. BAKER ET AL WATER TUBE {s oILER Filed Nov, 14, 1919 4 Sheets-Shee :i

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WATER TUBE BOILER Filed NOV. 14, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 WITNESS.-

INVENTOR.

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Pamesa Aug. 25, l1925.

UNHTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARTLEY O. BAKER AND CARLETON A. OBR, OF PUEBLO, COLORADO, ASSIGNORS T0 THE BAKER STEAM MOTOR CAR AND MANUFACTURING CO., INC., OF PUEBLO,

COLORADO.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

Application filed November 14, 1919.

To all wiz/0772y t may concern:

Be it known that we, HARTLEY O. BAKER and CARL'ETON A. ORB, citizens of the United States, residing at Pueblo, in the county of Pueblo and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in VVater-Tube Boilers; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to water tube boilers or steam generators of `the semi-flash type, and is an improvement over the boilers disclosed in the copending applications, Serial Nos. 269,432, and 286,002, filed Jan. 3, 1919 and March 29, 1919, respectively, which have matured into Patents Numbers 1,409,515 and 1,425,162, respectively.

rPhe primary object of the invention is the provision of a water tube boiler or steam generator composed of tubes or pipiing so arranged as to afford maximum efficiency, and the construction being such that the tubing can be electrically and autogenously welded, making a compact integral unit without screw threads or eX- panded joints, and capable of withstanding high working pressures (live hundred to seven hundred pound per square inch) with a high factor of safety.

Another object is the novel arrangement ot the tubing for eiiiciently heating the water and generating or flashing it into steam, the steam being held in reserve in a large quantity to suit the varying needs oi the engine, and the construction providing i'or the heating orP the steam held in reserve and the superheating of the steam as it is delivered.

A further object is the provision of such a boiler having novel means for eliecting the separation of the steam and water, to avoid particles of water passing with the steam into the steam coils, and in this connection it is an object of the invention to equalize the pressure in the tubing, so that the water will remain at the bottom and will not flow under accumulating pressure of the steam into the steam coils.

A still further object is the provision of Serial No. 338,038.

a novel arrangement and construction of the several coils of the boiler, and their relation with one another, whereby to obtain a compact and strong construction, which will be eiiicient in operation and capable of a high rate of steam production under high pressure.

With the foregoing and other objects in View, which will be apparent as the descrip* tion proceeds, the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed without"l departing from the spirit. of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a side elevation of the boiler, portions being broken away.

I Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of 41ig. 1.

.Fig 3 is an elevation of the central stand pipe or drum.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the superheater coi s.

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the superheater coils, portions being broken away and shown in section.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevation showing the connections provided for a blow off and level indicator and automatic water control.

Fig. 10 is an elevation of a modified form of stand pipe or drum.

Fig. 11 is a central vertical section of the stand pipe or drum shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a cross section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 11.

A vertical stand pipe or drum 1 is located at the center of the boiler and constitutes a core around which the tubing and coils are located. Surrounding the upper end portion of the drum 1 is a set of superposed spiral coils 2 of metal tubing, and these coils are connected alternately at their inner and outer ends, so as to be continuous,

5 is a section on the line 5 5 of and the water is delivered through the water supply pipe 3 which is connected to the upper end of the coils 2, for the downward flow of the water through said coils7 alternating outwardly and inwardly in the coils as the water iiows through the coils in succession. These coils 2 are economizei coils, being located at the top whereby the water in entering the boiler will receive its initial heat, the products of combustion aiter passing the generating and superheating coils heating the economizer coils 2, thereby utilizing the remaining heat for raising the temperature of the water before passing to the generating coils. A delivery pipe et extends upwardly from the lower end ot the coils 2, within said coils at one side ot the drum 1, and has a downwardly extending leg or nozzle 5 leading downwardly through the upper end ot' the drum and within the drum to a point near the lower end thereo't, thereby delivering the water into the lower portion ot' the drum from the economizer coils. The water is thus admitted into the lower portion of the drum after passing through the coils 2, and the water passes from the lower end ot the drum through a pipe G leading Ytrom the lower end of the drum radially to one side to the lower end of a vertical stand pipe i' disposed at one side of the coils parallel with the central drum 1. The pipe G and stand pipe 7 are preferably ot tubingof considerably larger diameter than the spiral coils surrounding the drum. A branch 8 extends outwardly from the juncture of the pipes t3 and 7 and has a depending nipple 9. This branch S provides a. trap or pocket for collecting sediment, scale accumulations and other toreign matter, which can be blown oil through the nipple 9 to which a suitable blow ott valve can be attached. Thus, any sediment or accumulation within the drum 1 into which the coils discharge, will pass down through the pipe 6 and into the trap 8, as well as from the stand pipe 7, enabling the sediment and accumulation to be discharged trom time to time. The trap or branch n also has pair ot upwardly diverging nipples or pipes 1() to which can be connected a water level indicator and an automatic feed water control (not shown) tor enabling the water level to be indicated and regulated by devices which need not be illustrated or described herein. The trap 8 thus serves as a means for collecting and blowing off the sediment, as well as providing means tor the connection of the indicator and control,

Spiral generating coils 11 surround the lower portion of the drum 1, being superposed7 and the alternate coils extend in opposite directions. rlhese coils are of tubing of about the same diameter as the coils 2, but it is preferable to have the lowermost coil 11 of slightly larger tubing. The outer ends of the coils 11 are secured to opposite sides ot the stand pipe 7, and, as shown in Fig. 2, enter ,said stand pipe7 it being well to mention here that the tubing and pipes are all secured together by welding so as to constitute a unitary integral structure. The coils l1 that enter and arc secured to the stand pipe i' are in staggered relation as seen in 2, and the inner ends ot the coils 1l extend upwardly, as at 12, from the planes of the coils and are secured to the side wall ot' the drinn 1. rlhe water which passes from the drum 1 through the pipe up into the stand pipe 7, thus 'flows into the coils 11 and inwardly therein in reverse spiral pathsl and the water is again returned into the drum from the coils 11, thus completing the generating circuit, the water within the lower portion ot the drum and coils 11 being immediately above the llames and subjected to the maximum heat `or generating the water into steam. The coils 11 are connected to the stand pipe T similar to the relation between the ribs of the human body to the back bone, the stand pipe 7 being the bach bone ot the coils and pipes connected thereto.

.ln order to facilitate the separation from the water which enters the drum from the coils 11, a vertical arcuate baille plate 13 is disposed within the drum across the inner discharge ends ot the coils 11, and vertical partitions 14 are provided between said baille plate 13 and the wall oit the drum to direct t ie water and steam vertically. A detlector l5 is carried by the wall of the drum and is curved upwardly over the upper end ot' the baille plate 13 and downwardly at the inner side ot said batlle plate, where'mv the water and steam in passing upwardly within the vertical passage between the plate 3 and wall of the drum 1 will strike the detlector 15, which directs the water and steam over the upper end of the plate 13. The def-lector 15 will direct the water downwardly, while the steam will turn around the edge of the detlector and pass upwardly7 into the upper steam chamber within the drum, thereby etliciently separating the steam trom the water. This separator (batlie plate i8 and de'tlector 15) thus separates the water and steam when they are delivered bach into the drum, the lower end of the separator or separating spa :e being open so that the water can pass downwardly .trom behind the battle plate 13 into thi` lower end oi' the water chambeiI et the drum. Without the provision of the separator it would be possible 'tor particles ot moisture to pass up with the steam in the drumT so that the separator reduces to a minimum the saturation of the steam with moisture.

A steam delivery pipe 16 is connected to the upper end ot the drum for conducting tannin ne ll. verw-1; l

`lili the steam therefrom and extends radially to a point above the stand pipe 7 and the discharge terminal of the pipe 16 extends downwardly at an angle into the stand pipe 7. The steam is thus discharged downwardly into the stand pipe to the lower portion in which the water is held for passage into the generating coils 11, so that any particles of water carried with the steam from the drum will be directed down into the water into the stand pipe 7. This results in the separation of any stray particles of water from the steam, and, furthermore, the pipe 16 in connecting the upper portions of the drum 1 and stand pipe 7 will equalize the pressures therein, so that the water level in the drum 1, stand pipe 7 and coils 11 will be the same. This avoids forcing the water on beyond the tubing provided for it into the steam coils, and any tendency for the pressure to 'torce the water in one direction or the other is balanced by an equal pressure at the opposite end.

Located above the generating coils 11 and surrounding the other spiral coils above said coils 11 are steam reserve or storage coils forming a surrounding chamber or jacket. These coils, which also serve as separating mediums, comprise semicircular or arcuate pipes 17 of relatively large diameter connected at one end to opposite sides of the stand pipe 7 above the coils 11, whereby to receive the steam from the upper steam space of said stand pipe, and the other ends of the pipes 17 are connected to the opposite sides of a vertical steam header or pipe 18 located diametrically opposite to the stand pipe 7 above the coils 11 and at one side oit' the coils 2. The pipe 17 resemble ribs connected to the back bone stand pipe 7 and extending around the spiral coils and connected to the vertical header 1S into which the steam is delivered. rlhese pipes 17 are on an incline with their lower ends connected to the stand pipe 7, whereby any water carried into the pipes 17 or formed therein by condensation, will drain back into the stand pipe 7, thus resulting in a further separation of the water from the steam as the steam passes from the stand pipe around through the pipes 17 into the header 18.

A steam pipe 19 extends through the upper' end of the header 18, and has intake branches 20 ext-ending within the discharge ends ot the two uppermost pipes 17, and the branches 2O have slits 21 for admitting the dry steam, thereby excluding water. The upper portion of the stand pipe 7, with the pipe 17 and header 18, provide a storage chamber for steam, whereby to hold a considerable quantity of steam in reserve, suiiicient for the varying needs of the engine or otherI device supplied by the boiler. This reserve steam is kept heated and dry, the

moisture flowing down the pipes 17 back into the stand pipe 7, and the branches 2l) of the pipe 19 only receive dry steam. The throttle valve 22 is disposed in the pipe 19 for controlling the discharge of steam, being located in the steam circuit between the storage or reserve coils and the superheating coils which will be described presently.

The superheating coils are also ot spiral form, like the coils 2, being located below said coils 2 around the drum 1 and above the coils .11. The coils of the superheater are superposed and arrangedin pairs. The inner and outer ends of the uppermost pair ot coils 23 are connected, which is also true of the next lower pair of coils 211, and the uppermost coils 23 and 24: of the two pairs are connected by an upstanding loop 25. The pair of superheater coils 26 below the coils 24 :are similarly yconnected lat? their outer and inner ends, and the uppermost coil 24: is connected to the uppermost coil 26 by an upstanding loop 27, said loop being at the inside ci the coils while the loop 25 is on the outside. The inner and outer ends of the lowermost pair of coils 28 are also connected, and the uppermost coils 2G and 28 of Vthe respective pairs are connected on the exterior y an upstanding loop 29. The steam delivery pipe 30 is connected to the uppermost coil 28 and delivers the steam from the boiler. 1n this arrangement, the upermost coils oli the several pairs are connected in series between the pipe 19 and the steam delivery pipe 30, while the lowermost coils of the several pairs are connected at their inner and outer ends to the corresponding ends oi the respective coils of the pairs. Any water passing to the superheater will therefore iiow downwardly into the lower coils of the several pairs to be again generated into steam, while the steam will flow from the pipe 19 through the uppermost coils 23, 24E, 25, and 26 into the pi e 30. The loops 25, 27 and 29 connecting tie coils will serve as traps to prevent water from gravitating downwardly from one coil to the other, thereby trapping any water in the lower coils of the pairs in which the wa.- ter will remain until again generated into steam, it being noted that the lower coils ot the pairs are connected at both their inner and outer ends to the coils above them, whereby any water will flow downwardly into the lower coils of the pairs. rllhe dry steam can thus pass through the upper coils of the pairs and will be superheated and any water flowing into the lower coils of the pairs will be again transformed into steam and superheated to pass out with the steam delivered from the boiler. The steam is only passed through the superheater when the throttle valve 22 is opened, thereby retaining the steam in the storage coils until needed, and in passing from the storage chamber to the superheziter will be raised iii temperature to the desired degree before being t'iisrharged troni the boiler.

Attention is directed to the tact` that the large rib pipes 1T extend troni the bach bone stand pipe 7 to the header 18 resembling the breast bone of the huinan body, providing a skeleton sto-rage chamber ot' large capacity surrounding the coils Q and siiperheatei.' coils. This provides a substantial and efiicient arrangement, the generating coils ll being at the bottom, the superheatcr coils above them, and the economizer or water heating coils 2 at the top, with the reserve coils siirromidingl the upper sets of spiral coils to keep the reserve steain heated by the products oit combustion which pass upwardly within the skeleton storage chainber.

,in the superheater, it will be noted that the loiif'eriiiost coil of each pair is connected in parallel with its mate above it, so that the several pairs or superbeating` coils are connected in multiple (parallel with one another) with respect to the steam passage, and in series, the coils ot each pair being parallel with one another and in series with the other pairs of coils, whereby the upper coil of each pair carries the steam, while the lower coil ot each pair receives the water and regenerates it into steam,

Figs. 10, l1 and 12 illustrate a niodication in the connections of the generating coils to the drinn 1. rlhiis, the inner ends 12 of the generating coils are connected in a spiral series to the drinn at theI differentsides thereo and the bailic 13 is ot annular or tubular Vtorni with radial partitions lll between said tubular baille 13 and the wall ci the drinn 1, thereby separating the separator passage into vertical channels. the lower and upper ends oi which are open. An annular detlector 15 carried by the wall of drum overhangs the upper end ot the ba'lile 13 for directing` water and steam downwardly within the baille.` so that the particles ot water will be directed back into the water in the lower portion ot the drinn, while the steam can rise around the inner edge of the detlector to pass upwardly to the pipe 16. The water delivery alpe 5 extends downwardly centrally within the battle 13.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. A boiler comprising a vertical drum,

stand pipe connected at its upper and lower ends with the upper and lower ends of the drinn, respectively, generating coils in cominiinication with the stand pipe and drum, a steam header, vertically spaced pipes connected to said stand pipe and header and constituting therewith a steam storage chamber, and a steam pipe connected to the header, said vertically spaced pipes being inclined to drain any water therein back to the stand pipe.

3. A boiler comprising a central vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side of the drum and connected at its upper and lower ends to the upper and lower ends of the drum, respectively, generating` coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum and communicating with the lower portion of the stand pipe and connected to the drum, a steam header at another side of the drum, vertically spaced pipes connecting said header and upper portion of the stand pipe and constituting therewith a steam chamber siii-rounding the drinn, said vertically spaced pipes being inclined to drain any water therein back to the stand pipe, and a steam pipe connected to the header for conducting the steam from said chamber.

i. fr boiler comprising a central vertical drinn, a stand pipe at one side of the drum and connected at its upper and lower ends to the ripper and lower ends of the drum, respectively, generating coils surrounding the lower portion -oi the drum and communicating with the lower portion of the stand pipe and connected to the drum, a steam header at another side of the drum, vertically spaced pipes connecting said header and upper portion of the stand pipe and constituting therewith a steam chamber surrounding the drum, said vertically spaced pipes being inclined to drain any water therein baclr to the stand pipe, and a steam coil surrounding` the drum above the generating coils and connected to said header for receiving the steam from said chamber. said chamber surrounding said steam coil.

5. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof havingits lower end connected to the lower end of the drum, generating coils in communication with the stand pipe and drum? a steam chamber surrounding the drum, said chamber and upper portions of the stand pipe and drum being connected for communication with one ann other, said chamber including a vertical header and vertically spaced pipes connecting said header and stand pipe, and a steam outlet pipe extending into the header and having branches extending into some of said vertically spaced pipes.

6. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe communicating at its upper and lower ends with the upper and lower end pagina a v portions of the drum, respectively, generating coils in communication with said drum and stand pipe for receiving water and discharging water and steam into the drum, a water heating coil surrounding the drum and delivering'water to the lower portions of said drum and stand pipe, steam heating coils surrounding the drum above the generating coils, and a steam reserve chamber surrounding the water heating and steam coils and connected to said stand pipe above the generating coils, said steam coils being in communication with said chamber.

7. A boiler comprising steam generating means having an upper portion for steam and a lower portion-for water, an annular steam reserve chamber surrounding said upper portion of said means and connected thereto for receiving steam therefrom, a stand pipe having its upper terminal connected to said chamber and its lower terminal connected to the lower portion of said means for the return of water from said chamber to said lower portion, and a steam coil connected to said chamber to receive steam therefrom and located between said chamber and upper portion of said means.

8. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, and a steam chamber composed of spaced pipes of skeleton form surrounding the upper portion of the drum, the generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of water through the coils and lower portion of the drum, and the steam chamber and upper portions of the drum and stand pipe being connected for the flow of steam from the drum into said chamber and for the return of water from said chamber into the lower portion of the stand pipe.

9. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, a steam chamber surrounding the upper portion of the drum, said generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of water through said coils and lower portion of the drum, the steam chamber and upper portions of the drum and stand pipe being connected Jfor the How of steam from the drum into said chamber and for the return of water from said chamber into the lower portion of the stand pipe, and a steam pipe connected to said steam chamber at a different side of the drum than the stand pipe so that the steam must iiow around said chamber from the stand pipe to enter the steam pipe.

10. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, a steam chamber surrounding the upper portion of the drum, said generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of water through said coils, and lower portion of the drum, the steam chamber and upper portions of the drum and stand pipe being connected for the iow of steam from the drum into said chamber and for the return of water fror said chamber into the lower portion of the stand pipe, and a steam coil surrounding 'the upper end of the drum between the drum and steam chamber and above the generat ing coils and connected to said chamber at a different side thereof than the stand pipe.

1l. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, a steam chamber composed of spaced pipes of skeleton form surrounding the upw per portion of the drum, and steam coils between the drum and steam chamber above the generating coils, said generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of water through the generating coils and lower portion of the drum, and the steam chamber, steam coils and upper portions of the drum and stand pipe being connected for the flow of steam from the drum into said chamber for the return of water from said chamber into the lower portion of the stand pipe, and for the flow of steam from said chamber into the steam coils.

1,2. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, an annular steam chamber composed of spaced pipes of skeleton form surrounding the upper portion of the drum, steam coils above the generating coils between the drum and steam chamber, the generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of water through said generating coils and lower portion of the drum, said chamber and upper portions of the drum and stand pipe being connected for the flow of steam from the drum into the chamber and for the return of water from said chamber to the lower portion of the stand pipe, and said chamber and steam coils being connected at a different side of the drum than the stand pipe, and a water heating coil above the generating coils between the drum and steam chamber and communicating with the lower portions of the drum and stand pipe.

13. A boiler comprising a vertical drum, a stand pipe at one side thereof, generating coils surrounding the lower portion of the drum, an annular steam chamber composed of spaced pipes of skeleton form surrounding the drum above the generating coils, steam coils and water heating coils above the generating coils surrounding the drum and located between the drum and said chamberp the generating coils, drum and stand pipe being connected for the circulation of Water through the generating coils and lower portion of the drum7 the drum, steam chamber, upper portion of the stand pipe and steam coils being connected for the flow of steam from the drum into said chamber, for the return of Water from said chamber into the lower portion of the Stand pipe 

